Reformation

Reformation
See also: Reformation
1517 95 Theses of Martin Luther begins German Protestant Reformation
1521 Diet of Worms condemns Luther
1521 Ferdinand Magellan claims the Philippines for Spain, first mass and subsequent conversion to Catholicism, first in East Asia
1522 Luther’s NT, German NT translation
1525 Anabaptist movement begins
1526 Tyndale’s NT, English NT translation from 1516 Greek text of Erasmus, first printed edition, used as a vehicle by Tyndale for bitter attacks on Catholicism, reflects influence of Luther’s NT in rejecting priest for elder, church for congregation, banned in 1546 by Henry VIII
1530 Augsburg Confession, Luther founds the Lutheran Church
1531 Huldrych Zwingli, Protestant Reformation in Switzerland, independent of Luther
1531 Our Lady of Guadalupe in Mexico
1534 Henry VIII established independent Church of England, see also English Reformation
1534 Jesuit order founded by Ignatius of Loyola, helped reconvert large areas of Poland, Hungary, and S. Germany and sent missionaries to the New World, India, and China
1535-1537 Myles Coverdale’s Bible, used Tyndale’s NT along with Latin and German versions, included Apocrypha at the end of the OT (like Luther’s Bible of 1534) as was done in later English versions, 1537 edition received royal license, but banned in 1546 by Henry VIII
1535 Thomas More refused to accept King Henry VIII’s claim to be the supreme head of the Church in England, and was executed.
1536 Desiderius Erasmus, Dutch scholar, Greek NT used in many 16th century translations
1536 Tyndale put to death, left his OT translation in manuscript, English ecclesiastical authorities ordered his Bible burned because it was thought to be part of Lutheran reform
1536 Institutes of the Christian Religion written by John Calvin (Calvinism)
1536 John of Leiden, fanatic Dutch Anabaptist
1536 Jacob Hutter founder of Hutterites
1536 Helvetic Confessions of the Reformed Churches of Switzerland
1536-1540 Dissolution of the Monasteries in England, Wales and Ireland
1537 Christian III of Denmark decreed Lutheranism state religion of Norway and Denmark
1537-1551 Matthew Bible, by John Rogers, based on Tyndale and Coverdale received royal license but not authorized for use in public worship, numerous editions, 1551 edition contained offensive notes (based on Tyndale)
1536-1541 Michelangelo paints the Last Judgement
1539-1569 Great Bible, by Thomas Cromwell, 1st English Bible to be authorized for public use in English churches, defective in many places, based on last Tyndale’s NT of 1534-1535, corrected by a Latin version of the Hebrew OT, Latin Bible of Erasmus, and Complutensian Polyglot, last edition 1569, never denounced by England
1541 John Calvin returns to Geneva to establish a theocracy
1542 Roman Inquisition established by Pope Paul III
1543 Parliament of England bans Tyndale’s translation as a “crafty, false and untrue translation”
1545-1563 Catholic Council of Trent, counter-reformation against Protestantism, clearly defined an official theology and biblical canon
1549 original Book of Common Prayer of the Church of England by Thomas Cranmer
1551 The Stoglav Church Council (One Hundred Chapters) Moscow, Russia
1552 Francis Xavier, Jesuit missionary, “Apostle of the Indies”
1553 Pontifical Gregorian University founded at Vatican City
1553 Michael Servetus founder of Unitarianism, burned at the stake in Geneva under Calvin
1553-1558 Queen Mary I of England, Bloody Mary, persecuted reformers: John Rogers, Hugh Latimer, Nicholas Ridley, Thomas Cranmer; of 238 burned at the stake
1559 Military Order of the Golden Spur founded by Pope Paul IV
1560 Geneva Bible, NT a revision of Matthew’s version of Tyndale with use of Theodore Beza’s NT (1556), OT a thorough revision of Great Bible, appointed to be read in Scotland (but not England), at least 140 editions, first Bible with chapter and verse numbers
1560 Scots Confession, Church of Scotland, Scottish Reformation
1560-1598 French Wars of Religion
1560-1812 Goa Inquisition, persecution of Hindus and Jews in India, see also Christianity in India
1561 Menno Simons founder of Mennonites
1563 Thirty-Nine Articles of Church of England, also decreed Biblical canon
1563 Heidelberg Catechism of Reformed churches
1566 Roman Catechism
1569 Metropolitan Philip of Moscow strangled by Malyuta Skuratov
1571 Dutch Reformed Church
1572 John Knox, founded Scotch Presbyterian Church, due to disagreement with Lutherans over sacraments and church government
1572-1606 Bishops’ Bible, a revision of the Great Bible checked against the Hebrew text, 1st to be published in England by episcopal authority
1579 Discovery of the holiest Russian icon, Our Lady of Kazan
1580 Book of Concord of Lutheranism
1582 St Terese of Avila
1582 Gregorian calendar adopted at different times in different regions of the world
1587 Toyotomi Hideyoshi expelled Jesuits from Ky?«sh?«
1587? Mission NOMBRE DE DIOS in St. Augustine, Florida, considered first mission to North America [11]
1589 Metropolitan Jove is elected the first Patriarch of Moscow
1590 Michelangelo’s dome in St Peter’s Basilica completed
1592 Clementine Vulgate of Pope Clement VIII, replaced Sistine Vulgate of 1590, standard Latin Catholic Bible till reforms of the Second Vatican Council
1596 Ukrainian Catholic Church forms when Ukrainian subjects of the king of Poland are reunited with Rome, largest Byzantine Catholic Church

On this day…

• Renaissance – 2025
• Jeremiah 10 – 2024
• Jeremiah 9 – 2024
• Mighty to save – 2012
• Jesus’ intercession for the apostles – 2012
• A Political Question about Justice – 2012
• Called of God – 2012
• Roman’s Introduction – 2012
• Beginning to sink, he cried, saying, Lord, save me – 2012
• Personal Discipline – 2011